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Processing of donor blood

You are here : Home/ Blood Bank Zone/ Donor selection and Blood collection/ 7. Processing of donor blood

7. Processing of donor blood

The processing of blood is based on the way the bag is going to be handled. If the blood unit has to be processed for platelet preparation, store it in a 22°C incubator or in an air-conditioned room till processed. The separation into components should be done within 6 hours of blood collection. However, if the blood unit has to be processed for red cell concentrate, fresh frozen plasma or to be stored as whole blood, store at 4°C for 6 hours till processed.

The following tests are done on the blood samples collected in the pilot tubes.

1. Serology testing

a. ABO grouping
A technique using both cell and serum grouping should be employed.

b. Rh(D) grouping
The Rh (D) group is determined using anti-D reagent preferably from two different firms.

c. Donor blood may be tested for unexpected antibodies by saline, enzyme and antiglobulin techniques using a panel of red cells.

After the ABO & Rh (D) groping of the donor pilot sample, the blood group must be mentioned as the blood unit label clearly and boldly.

2. Screening for transfusion transmitted diseases

a. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
All units of blood must be screened for HBsAg prior to issue. The unit is issued only if found non-reactive. Testing is done usually by ELISA or RPHA techniques.

b. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection
It is essential to screen all units of blood for antibodies to HIV-l+2 by ELISA technique or rapid tests available.

c. Syphilis
It is mandatory to screen all blood units for serologic test of syphilis by TPHA/VDRL technique.

d. Malaria
A stained peripheral smear may be examined for presence of malarial parasites.

The label on blood bag should contain following information:

1. Blood unit number
2. Date of collection
3. Date of expiry
4. ABO & Rh(D) blood group
5. Tested negative for HBsAg, syphilis and HIV 1+2 along with the date of testing for these markets.

3 Component preparation

The collected blood unit must be processed immediately or within 6 hours of collection. All components made from a blood unit must carry all the information as on the primary blood bag.

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